Kumar Bağımlılığı Tanısı Olan ve Olmayan Bireylerin Erken Dönem Uyumsuz Şemaların Aracı Rolünün Karşılaştırılması
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11299908Keywords:
Gambling Addiction, Early Maladaptive Schemas, Schema DomainsAbstract
The aim of this study is to examine the mediating role of early maladaptive schemas between individuals who are gambling addicts and those who are not in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC). In this study, the causal-comparative model within quantitative research methods was used. The study group consists of individuals in the TRNC who are either gambling addicts or non-gambling addicts during the 2023-2024 period. The sample includes a total of 100 individuals, comprising 31 gambling addicts and 69 non-gambling addicts. The research involves individuals who are gambling addicts and those who are not. The sample was formed from 31 gambling addicts aged 18 and above residing in the TRNC, selected from casinos in the TRNC, and 69 non-gambling addicts.
In the study, a purposive sampling method was used for selecting individuals with gambling addiction. Purposive sampling is a sampling method in which participants are selected according to criteria determined by the researcher for a specific purpose or objective (Baltacı, 2018). This method is particularly used by researchers who wish to gain in-depth information on a specific topic or focus on a particular group. For non-addicted individuals, a haphazard sampling method was used. The scales used in the study include the Socio-Demographic Information Form, the South Oaks Gambling Screen, and the Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form-3 (YSQ-S3).
The study found statistically significant relationships between gambling addiction and early maladaptive schemas. The findings indicate that individuals with gambling addiction have higher maladaptive schema scores compared to those without addiction. These results suggest that schemas play an important role in understanding the psychological factors underlying gambling addiction.
Further research in this area is important to deepen the understanding of the relationship between gambling addiction and early maladaptive schemas and to develop more effective intervention strategies.
References
Aktürk, İ, Karaman, H, & Yaman, Ö. M. (2024). Kumar oynama Davranışını Sürdürmedeki Pozitif Pekiştireçler ve Yaşantısal Kaçınmanın Rolüne Dair Nitel Bir Araştırma. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 26(1), 251-274.
Akyunus, M. and AKBAY, S. (2022). Algılanan ebeveynlik biçimlerinin kişiler arası döngüsel model üzerinde temsili. AYNA Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi, 9(1), 160-181. https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.995535
Altun, S. (2016). Hükümlü /Tutuklulardaki Erken Dönem Uyumsuz Şemaların Ontolojik İyi Oluş ve Öfke İlişkisinde Öz şefkatin ve Mutlak Gerçeklik İhtiyacının Aracı Rolünün Belirlenmesi. İstanbul: Arel Üniversitesi Yayınlamamış YL Tezi.
Arslan, Ş. and TOPAL, M. (2021). Relationship between psychological resilience and early maladaptive schemas of psychologists who worked at psychological support line during covid-19 pandemic. Gelişim Ve Psikoloji Dergisi, 2(4), 101-118.
Aslan, T. (2020). Üniversite öğrencilerinin sosyal medya kaygılarının sosyal medya bağımlılıklarını yordayıcı rolünün incelenmesi (Master's thesis, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü).
Baydil, B. (2019). Akdeniz ve Ege Bölgesinde kumar bağımlılığının psikolojik semptomlarla olan ilişkisinin incelenmesi (Master's thesis, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü).
Bayındır G. (2018). Kumar Ve Şans Oyunlarına Toplumsal Bakış: Niğde Örneği. Millî Kültür Araştırmaları Dergisi (MİKAD) 2018; 2(2):58-83.
Bilgin Ç. (2015). Üniversite Ögrencilerinde Patolojik Kumar Oynamanın Çeşitli Degişkenlere Göre İncelenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Http://Docs.Neu.Edu.Tr/Library/6501100619.Pdf
Brotchie, J., Meyer, C., Copello, A., Kidney, R., & Waller, G. (2004). Cognitive representations in alcohol and opiate abuse: The role of core beliefs. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 43(3), 337-342.
Brotchie, J., Meyer, C., Copello, A., Kidney, R., & Waller, G. (2004). Cognitive representations in alcohol and opiate abuse: The role of core beliefs. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 43(3), 337-342.
Calado, F., Alexandre, J., & Griffiths, M. D. (2017). Prevalence of adolescent problem gambling: A systematic review of recent research. Journal of gambling studies, 33, 397-424.
Calvete, E., Estévez, A., & Corral, S. (2007). Intimate partner violence and depressive symptoms in women: Cognitive schemas as moderators and mediators. Behaviour research and therapy, 45(4), 791-804.
Canale, N., Griffiths, M. D., Vieno, A., Siciliano, V.,& Molinaro, S.(2016). Impact Of Internet Gambling On Problem Gambling Among Adolescents İn Italy: Findings From A Large-Scale Nationally Representative Survey. Computers in Human Behavior, 57: 99-106
Cudo, A., Dobosz, M., Griffiths, M.D. et al. The Relationship Between Early Maladaptive Schemas, Depression, Anxiety and Problematic Video Gaming Among Female and Male Gamers. Int J Ment Health Addiction 22, 47–74 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-022-00858-2
Cunningham-Williams, R. M., Cottler, L. B., Compton 3rd, W. M., & Spitznagel, E. L. (1998). Taking chances: problem gamblers and mental health disorders--results from the St. Louis Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study. American journal of public health, 88(7), 1093-1096.
Çakıcı M. (2012). The Prevalence And Risk Factors Of Gambling Behavior İn Turkish Republic Of Northern Cyprus. Anatolian Journal Of Psychiatry 2012; 13(4):243-249.
Çakmak, S., Tamam, L. (2018). Kumar oynama bozukluğu: genel bir bakış. Bağımlılık Dergisi, 19(3), 78-97.
Dell, L. J., Ruzicka, M. F., & Palisi, A. T. (1981). Personality and other factors associated with the gambling addiction. International Journal of the Addictions, 16(1), 149-156.
Di Trani, M., Renzi, A., Vari, C., Zavattini, G. C., & Solano, L. (2017). Gambling disorder and affect regulation: The role of alexithymia and attachment style. Journal of gambling studies, 33, 649-659.
Efrati, Y., Shukron, O., & Epstein, R. (2021). Early maladaptive schemas are highly indicative of compulsive sexual behavior. Evaluation & the Health Professions, 44(2), 142-151.
Efrati, Y., Spada, M., Marino, C., & Kolubinski, D. C. (2012).Addict Disord Their Treat 1; 11(4): 173–182.
Erdoğdu, Y. (2019). Kumar problemleri yaşayan bireylerin kumar oynamayla ilgili deneyimlerinin yorumlayıcı fenomenolojik analizi. ADDICTA: The Turkish Journal on Addictions, 6(3), 871-906.
Estévez, A., & Calvete, E. (2007). Esquemas cognitivos en personas con conducta de juego patológico y su relación con experiencias de crianza. Clínica y Salud, 18(1), 23-43.
Estevez, A., Jauregui, P., Lopez, N., Lopez-Gonzalez, H., & Griffiths, M. (2020). Difficulties in emotion regulation, coping, and dysfunctional psychological symptoms in family members of people with gambling disorder. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 18, 1196-1208.
Estévez, A., Macía, L., & Macía, P. (2023). Looking at sex differences in gambling disorder: the predictive role of the early abandonment schema, gambling motives and alexithymia in depression. Journal of Gambling Studies, 39(4), 1815-1832.
Estévez, A., Momeñe, J., Jauregui, P., & Etxaburu, N. (2022). Shame and blame in gambling: Relationship with emotion regulation and Gambling motives. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 1-16.
Faraji, H., & Dağ, E. (2022). Kumar bağımlılığı ve intihar arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi. Current Research and Reviews in Psychology and Psychiatry, 2(2), 184-200.
Fırat Y. (2015). Comparison Of Sociodemographic Characterıstics And Problem Internet Use Of Problem Gamblers And Non-Gamblers Among Unıversıty Students. (Master’s Thesis, Near East University, , Social Sciences, Nicosia, Cyprus) Retrieved From.
Http://Docs.Neu.Edu.Tr/Library/6344578514.Pdf
Fischer, T. D., Smout, M. F., & Delfabbro, P. H. (2016). The relationship between psychological flexibility, early maladaptive schemas, perceived parenting and psychopathology. Journal of contextual behavioral science, 5(3), 169-177.
Gainsbury S, Robertwood R, Russell A, Hinga H, Blaszczynski A. (2012). A Digital Revolution: Comparison Of Demographic Profiles, Attitudes And Gambling Behavior Of Internet And Non-Internet Gamblers. 2012; 28(4):1388-1398. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Chb.2012.02.024
Griffiths, M. D. (2014). Early maladaptive schemas in development of addictive disorders as parts of the complex addiction jigsaw. International Journal of High Risk Behaviors and Addiction, 3(3), e16746.
Grover, S., Sahoo, S., Mehra, A., Avasthi, A., Tripathi, A., Subramanyan, A., ... & Reddy, Y. J. (2020). Psychological impact of COVID-19 lockdown: An online survey from India. Indian journal of psychiatry, 62(4), 354-362.
Gupta, R., & Derevensky, J. L. (1998). Adolescent gambling behavior: A prevalence study and examination of the correlates associated with problem gambling. Journal of gambling studies, 14(4), 319-345.
Gürbüz, S., & Şahin, F. (2014). Sosyal bilimlerde araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık, 271.
Hardoon, KK, Gupta, R. Ve Derevensky, JL (2004). Ergen Kumarla İlişkili Psikososyal Değişkenler. Bağımlılık Davranışları Psikolojisi Dergisi, 18 (2), 170.
Kam, S. M., Wong, I. L. K., So, E. M. T., Un, D. K. C., & Chan, C. H. W. (2017). Gambling behavior among Macau college and university students. Asian journal of gambling issues and public health, 7, 1-12.
Keough, M. T., O'Connor, R. M., & Stewart, S. H. (2018). Solitary drinking is associated with specific alcohol problems in emerging adults. Addictive behaviors, 76, 285-290.
Khosravani, V., Sharifi Bastan, F., Samimi Ardestani, M., & Jamaati Ardakani, R. (2017, Sep). Early maladaptive schemas and suicidal risk in an Iranian sample of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychiatry Res, 255, 441-448.
Kızılkaya, M. (2024). Kumar bağımlılığında bilinçli farkındalığın etkisi. Hemşirelik Bilimi Dergisi, 7(1), 90-99. https://doi.org/10.54189/hbd.1283843
Kristiansen, S., Trabjerg, M. C., & Reith, G. (2015). Learning to gamble: Early gambling experiences among young people in Denmark. Journal of Youth Studies, 18(2), 133-150.
Lightsey Jr, O. R., & Hulsey, C. D. (2002). Impulsivity, coping, stress, and problem gambling among university students. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 49(2), 202.
Lightsey Jr, OR ve Hulsey, CD (2002). Üniversite öğrencileri arasında dürtüsellik, başa çıkma, stres ve kumar sorunu. Danışmanlık Psikolojisi Dergisi , 49 (2), 202.
Marchica, L. A., Keough, M. T., Montreuil, T. C., & Derevensky, J. L. (2020). Emotion regulation interacts with gambling motives to predict problem gambling among emerging adults. Addictive Behaviors, 106, 106378.
Mok, W. P., & Hraba, J. (1991). Age and gambling behavior: A declining and shifting pattern of participation. Journal of Gambling Studies, 7(4), 313-335.
Mun, C. J., Karoly, P., Okun, M. A., Kim, H., & Tennen, H. (2016). Affect, work-goal schemas, and work-goal striving among adults with chronic pain: a multilevel structural equation analysis. Journal of behavioral medicine, 39, 288-299.
Nowak, D. E. (2017). A Meta-Analytical Synthesis And Examination Of Pathological And Problem Gambling Rates And Associated Moderators Among College Students, 1987–2016. Journal Of Gambling Studies, 34(2), 465–498. Https://Doi.Org/10.1007/S10899-017-9726-Y
Nowak, D. E., & Aloe, A. M. (2014). The Prevalence Of Pathological Gambling Among College Students: A Meta-Analytic Synthesis, 2005–2013. Journal Of Gambling Studies, 30(4), 819–843. Https://Doi.Org/10.1007/S10899-013-9399-0
Ostovar, S., Bagheri, R., Griffiths, M. D., & Mohd Hashima, I. H. (2021). Internet addiction and maladaptive schemas: The potential role of disconnection/rejection and impaired autonomy/performance. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 28(6), 1509-1524.
Öztürkmen, G. (2023). Yetişkin bireylerin çevrimiçi kumar bağımlılığının dürtüsellik ile ilişkisi (Master's thesis, İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü).
Roper, L., Dickson, J. M., Tinwell, C., Booth, P. G., & McGuire, J. (2010). Maladaptive cognitive schemas in alcohol dependence: Changes associated with a brief residential abstinence program. Cognitive therapy and research, 34, 207-215.
Roper, L., Dickson, J. M., Tinwell, C., Booth, P. G., & McGuire, J. (2010). Maladaptive cognitive schemas in alcohol dependence: Changes associated with a brief residential abstinence program. Cognitive therapy and research, 34, 207-215.
Ryan, C., & Butters, N. (1980). Learning and memory impairments in young and old alcoholics: Evidence for the premature‐aging hypothesis. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 4(3), 288-293.
Sakulsriprasert, C., Thawornwutichat, R., Phukao, D., & Guadamuz, T. E. (2023). Early maladaptive schemas and addictive behaviours: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 30(6), 1416-1432.
Sevim, A. (2018). Yetişkinlerde cinsel bağımlılık, erken dönem uyumsuz şemalar ve yaşam doyumu ilişkileri (Master's thesis, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü).
Shorey, R. C., Anderson, S., & Stuart, G. L. (2011). Early maladaptive schemas in substance use patients and their intimate partners: A preliminary investigation. Addictive disorders & their treatment, 10(4), 169-179.
Shorey, S., Chan, S. W. C., Chong, Y. S., & He, H. G. (2015). A randomized controlled trial of the effectiveness of a postnatal psychoeducation programme on self‐efficacy, social support and postnatal depression among primiparas. Journal of advanced nursing, 71(6), 1260-1273.Claudio vd., 2023.
Soyaslan B. D. (2019). Investigation of the relationship between early stage maladaptive schemes and anger levels in people with substance-use disorders. Journal of Psychiatric Nursing. https://doi.org/10.14744/phd.2019.87049.
Vayısoğlu, S. K., Öncü, E., & Güven, Y. (2019). Üniversite öğrencilerinde kumar oynama sıklığı ve heyecan arama davranışı ile ilişkisi. Addicta, 6(1), 69-90.
Vieira, C., Kuss, D. J., & Griffiths, M. D. (2023). Early maladaptive schemas and behavioural addictions: A systematic literature review. Clinical Psychology Review, 102340.
Wickwire, E. M., Whelan, J. P., Meyers, A. W., & Murray, D. M. (2007). Environmental correlates of gambling behavior in urban adolescents. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 35, 179-190.
Wickwire, E. M., Whelan, J. P., Meyers, A. W., & Murray, D. M. (2007). Environmental correlates of gambling behavior in urban adolescents. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 35, 179-190.
Yalçın, S. B., Kavaklı, M., Kesici, Ş., & Ak, M. (2018). Mutluluğun önündeki engel: Erken dönem uyumsuz şemalar.
Young, J. E., Klosko, J. S., & Weishaar, M. E. (2003). Schema Therapy: A practitioner’s guide. Guilford Press.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Ulusal ve Uluslararası Sosyoloji ve Ekonomi Dergisi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
The journal is licensed under a 